Schumann Symphony No. 1 in B-flat Major, op. 38 Part III
The unique scherzo, Schumann’s tribute to Beethoven.
III. Scherzo- Molto vivace
Modified ternary form
A heavy, decidedly non-elegant dance with the sort of sarcasm that would do Beethoven proud opens the Scherzo. The first theme is actually the trombone chorale from the previous movement speeded up, and is based on upward-sequencing descents. The opening phrase repeats before a lazily flowing clarinet melody with string decoration repeats in the flutes. The opening dance returns at 1:10.
The trio begins at 1:24 and is an extended dialogue between the strings and winds. The rhythm is reminiscent of theme one from the first movement. Taken by itself, the trio seems to lurch through its bars before the second phrase at 1:47 introduces some measure of cohesiveness with wind descents following the syncopated rhythm. The trio further references the first movement at 2:03 with its rhythm being passed through the orchestra from the low voices to the high voices. Trumpets rise in a triumphant fanfare-like figure before immediately receding. The strings and winds continue their conversation over a drunken-sounding series of cello tremolos at 2:17. String descents return as the various phrases of the trio are repeated.
The first theme returns briefly at 2:56. After the first phrase, quick ascending scales from the strings contrast sharply with the carefree melody in the winds. The first phrase is repeated once again, and much to our surprise, Schumann then embarks on a second trio.
Trio number two (3:38) begins with a series of ascending string scales with lively accompaniment in the winds. String descents lead to oboe ascents over steadily playing strings. The horn then plays ascents (4:03) with the closing descents in the strings. This phrase is repeated, resolving in a lively series of syncopated brass chords (4:32).
The scherzo theme returns for the last time, first as it was originally played, and then in calm variation by the winds (4:52). At 5:13, material from the first trio returns as the winds and horn are answered by the strings. A long wind and string descent with quiet timpani continues to the final movement.
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If you are interested in listening to a recording, I recommend Leonard Bernstein’s 1997 recording with the Vienna Philharmonic on Deutsche Grammophone. You can buy this recording from Amazon by clicking on the image below. Alternatively, you can purchase this recording from the iTunes Music Store often at a reduced price by following the link below.
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